The Indian Medical Association (IMA) has issued a nationwide public health advisory following a seasonal rise in influenza A (H1N1), or swine flu, across several states during the monsoon period.

Delhi has reported more than 1,770 laboratory-confirmed cases, with infections also reported in Maharashtra, Karnataka and West Bengal. The IMA said most infections remain mild and self-limiting and urged the public not to panic.

According to surveillance cited by the advisory, the circulating virus remains the standard seasonal H1N1 strain, with no novel genetic mutations reported. Common symptoms include sudden high-grade fever, chills, dry cough, sore throat, muscle aches and fatigue. Children may also experience nausea, vomiting or loose stools.

The IMA has strongly cautioned against self-medication with antibiotics such as azithromycin, amoxicillin-clavulanate and cefixime. Since H1N1 is a viral infection, antibiotics do not treat it and unnecessary use can contribute to Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR). Antibiotics should only be taken when prescribed for a diagnosed secondary bacterial infection.

The association has also advised against self-prescribing antiviral medicines such as oseltamivir, which should be used under medical supervision and according to clinical requirements.

Patients should seek immediate medical attention if they develop severe breathlessness, persistent chest pain, bluish lips or fingers, blood in sputum, confusion, extreme drowsiness or continuous vomiting. In children, inability to feed, severe lethargy, grunting or chest retractions while breathing require urgent evaluation.

To reduce transmission, the IMA recommends frequent handwashing or use of alcohol-based sanitizers, proper respiratory hygiene and well-fitted masks in crowded or enclosed spaces. Infected individuals should stay home until at least 24 hours after their fever has resolved naturally.

The IMA also recommends annual seasonal influenza vaccination for high-risk groups, including healthcare workers, pregnant women, older adults and people with chronic medical conditions.